- Researchers now know that anyone, even
children, can develop PTSD if they have experienced, witnessed, or
participated in a traumatic occurrence-especially if the event was life
threatening. PTSD can result from terrifying experiences such as rape,
kidnapping, natural disasters, or war or serious accidents such as
airplane crashes. The psychological damage such incidents cause can
interfere with a person's ability to hold a job or to develop intimate
relationships with others.
Symptoms:
- The symptoms of PTSD can range from
constantly reliving the event to a general emotional numbing. Persistent
anxiety, exaggerated startle reactions, difficulty concentrating,
nightmares, and insomnia are common. People with PTSD typically avoid
situations that remind them of the traumatic event, because they provoke
intense distress or even panic attacks.
Formal Diagnosis:
- Although the symptoms of PTSD may be an
appropriate initial response to a traumatic event, they are considered
part of a disorder when they persist beyond three months.
Treatment:
- Psychotherapy can help people who have
PTSD regain a sense of control over their lives. They also may need
cognitive behavior therapy to change painful and intrusive patterns of
behavior and thought and to learn relaxation techniques. Support from
family and friends can help speed recovery and healing. Medications, such
as antidepressants and anti-anxiety agents to reduce anxiety, can ease the
symptoms of depression and sleep problems. Treatment for PTSD often
includes both psychotherapy and medication.
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